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How to Use and Calculate Needs Compost
How to use compost, should be adapted to the circumstances and the type of soil organic C content in the soil, besides also be adapted to the needs of each type of plant.
Each plant requires organic material content of different. Vegetable crops if not nurtured with organic fertilizer at all will not be as good growth of plants that received organic fertilizer.
Flower plants like Azalea or include Anthurium, will be very good growth in media consisting of 100 percent organic ingredients. When mixed with the soil medium, growth was not optimal. Several other plants will grow best when combined with soil compost in the ratio of 1:1. Besides, there are also plants that require compost mixed with soil and sand in the ratio 1: 1: 1.
Meanwhile, each type has a state of equilibrium soil organic matter content of its own. In the land of volcanic ash (Andisol) such as land in Lembang, soil organic C content (ideal), not the same as the content of soil organic C (ideal) on the type of soil in Banjaran Inseptisol, for example. |
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Definition
 Organic materials are materials that can be renewed, recycled, revamped by soil bacteria into elements that can be used by plants without polluting the soil and water. Soil organic matter is an accumulation of the remains of plants and animals that have undergone some weathering and the re-establishment. Such organic materials in the active decay and fall prey to attack micro bodies. As a result these materials change continues and unstable so that should always be updated through the addition of the remains of plants or animals. Source of Organic Materials
The primary source of organic material is plant tissue of roots, stems, twigs, leaves, and fruit. Organic matter produced by plants through photosynthesis process so that the element carbon is the main constituent of the organic material. The element carbon is in the form of polysaccharide compounds, such as cellulose, Hemicellulose, starch, and pectin substances and lignin. Addition of nitrogen is the most elements in organic materials accumulated as an important element in the microbial cells are involved in the reform process of soil organic matter. This plant tissue will decompose and be transported to the lower layer and incorporated with the soil. Plants not only a source of organic material, but the source of organic material of all living things.
Secondary sources of organic material is fauna. Fauna first to use organic materials only then plants also contribute organic materials. Soil organic matter than can be derived from the original network can also be derived from the rocks.
Difference sources of organic material such land will provide different effects contribute to the soil. It is closely related to the composition or structure of the organic material. Content of organic materials in each type of soil is not the same. This depends on several things, namely: the type of vegetation in the area, the soil microbial populations, soil drainage conditions, precipitation, temperature, and soil management. The composition or composition of plant tissue will be much different from animal tissue. In general, animal tissue would be destroyed faster than the plant tissue. Plant tissue largely composed of water that vary from 60-90% and an average of about 75%. Part solids approximately 25% from 60% carbohydrate, 10% protein, 10-30% lignin and 1-8% fat. Judging from the composition of the element carbon is the largest part (44%) followed by oxygen (40%), hydrogen and ash respectively about 8%. Ash composition itself consists of all the absorbed nutrients and plant required except C, H and O.
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What is compost?  Compost or humus is the remains of living beings who have experienced decay, the shape has changed, such as land and odorless. Compost contain a complete NPK nutrients though a small percentage. Compost also contains other compounds that are beneficial to plants.
What are the benefits of compost?
Compost is like a multivitamin for the soil and plants. Compost to improve the physical and chemical nature of the soil. The compost will restore soil fertility. Hard soil becomes more friable. Poor soil will become fertile. Acid soil will become more neutral. Compost plants that were growing better crops and better quality than plants without compost. |
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Penggunaan pupuk di dunia terus meningkat sesuai dengan pertambahan luas areal pertanian, pertambahan penduduk, kenaikan tingkat intensifikasi serta makin beragamnya penggunaan pupuk sebagai usaha peningkatan hasil pertanian. Para ahli lingkungan hidup khawatir dengan pemakaian pupuk mineral yang berasal dari pabrik ini akan menambah tingkat polusi tanah yang akhirnya berpengaruh juga terhadap kesehatan manusia. Berdasarkan hal tersebut makin berkembang alasan untuk mengurangi penggunaan pupuk mineral dan agar pembuatan pabrik-pabrik pupuk di dunia dikurangi atau dihentikan sama sekali agar manusia bisa terhindar dari malapetaka polusi. Upaya pembudidayaan tanaman dengan pertanian organik merupakan usaha untuk dapat mendapatkan bahan makanan tanpa penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Dengan sitem ini diharapkan tanaman dapat hidup tanpa ada masukan dari luar sehingga dalam kehidupan tanaman terdapat suatu siklus hidup yang tertutup. |
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