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Cultivation Ginger (Zingiber officinale) II |
1. HISTORY
Ginger is a medicinal plant in the form of quasi-trunked clump of plants.
 Ginger comes from the Asia Pacific region that spread from India to China. Therefore these two nations was mentioned as a nation who first used primarily as raw ginger beverages, spices and traditional medicines.
Ginger is included in the tribe-finding meeting (Zingiberaceae), a family with other findings such as the Intersection-Intersection buffoonery (Cucuma xanthorrizha), black Intersection (Curcuma aeruginosa), turmeric (Curcuma domestica), Indian galanga (Kaempferia galanga), galangal (Languas galanga ) and others.
Local names such as ginger ginger (Aceh), beeuing (Gayo), bahing (Batak Karo), sipodeh (Minangkabau), jahi (Lampung), ginger (Sunda), jae (Java and Bali), jhai (Madura), melito ( Gorontalo), geraka (Ternate), etc..
2. PLANT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Classification
Division: spermatophytes
Sub-division: Angiospermae
Class: Monocotyledoneae
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Genus: Zingiber
Species: Zingiber officinale
2.2 Description
Herbaceous plant trunked false, height 30 cm to 1 m, the rhizome when cut yellow or orange. Leaves narrow, length 15-23 mm, width 8-15 mm; hairy petiole, length 2-4 mm; form the tongue leaves elongate, length 7.5 to 10 mm, and not hairy; sheath somewhat hairy.
Inflorescence a panicle protruding surface soil, egg-shaped rod or round the narrow, 2.75 - 3 times its width, very sharp; panicle length from 3.5 to 5 cm, width 1.5 to 1.75 cm pedicle almost hairless , 25 cm long, rarely hairy rahis; scales on the handle there are 5-7 pieces, lancet-shaped, adjacent or tight, almost hairless, the length scales 3-5 cm; leaf guards round obovate, rounded at the ends, not hairy , bright green, length 2.5 cm, width 1 to 1.75 cm; tubular petals 2 to 2.5 cm, strand rather narrow, sharp-shaped, greenish yellow, length 1.5 to 2.5 mm , width from 3 to 3.5 mm, the lips were purple, dark, mottled yellowish white color, length 12-15 mm; with purple anthers, length 9 mm; stem pistil 2
2.3 Types of Crops
Ginger is divided into three types based on size, shape and color rimpangnya. Commonly known three varieties of ginger, namely: |
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 I. INTRODUCTION
Kencur plant (Kaempferia galanga L.) belonging to family Zingiberaceae Ginger which is a native plant of India to include the spreading area of Southeast Asia and China.
The nature and form of quasi-trunked plants ie, number of leaves 2-3 strands, white flower color, tuber brownish yellow and contains a lot of water. Tuber starch composition consisting of 4.14%, 13.73% mineral as well as 2.4 to 3.9% volatile oil consisting of cineol, methyl acid, aldehide, ethyl, esters and others.
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Cultivation curcuma / turmeric |
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INTRODUCTION  The main usefulness of ginger rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) Is as raw material for medicine, because it can stimulate the secretion of bile and pancreas. As drug phytopharmaca curcuma / turmeric useful to treat gastrointestinal diseases, liver disorders, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, high blood pressure, intestinal contractions, tuberculosis, thrush, and can be used as a tonic. Traditionally, many are used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, swollen from infection, eczema, chickenpox, acne, jaundice, constipation, decreased appetite, cramps, stomach inflammation, blood urine, epilepsy, and less blood.
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Cultivation Ginger (Zingiber officinale) I |
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Introduction  Ginger is one export commodity Indonesian spices, besides that it is also a traditional medicine and phytopharmaca, which gives a significant role in employment and revenue of the country. As an export commodity is packaged in the form of fresh ginger, pickled (large white ginger), dried ginger (ginger, large white, small and red ginger), and ginger essential oil from the small white (ginger CVD) and red ginger. Volume demand continues to increase along with demand for the world of ginger products as well as the growing of food and beverage industry in the country that uses raw ginger.
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